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    An observational study of patient characteristics and mortality following hypoglycemia in the community

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    Author
    Elwen, Francesca R.
    Huskinson, Alice
    Clapham, Linda
    Bottomley, Matthew J.
    Heller, Simon R.
    james, cathryn cc
    Abbas, Afroze
    Baxter, Paul
    Ajjan, Ramzi A.
    Keyword
    Emergency Medical Services
    Haemoglobin
    Hypoglycemia
    Mortality
    Journal title
    BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care
    
    Metadata
    Show full item record
    URI
    http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12417/68
    DOI
    10.1136/bmjdrc-2015-000094
    Abstract
    Objectives Characterize patients with diabetes with severe hypoglycemia requiring emergency services intervention at home and investigate 12-month mortality. Research design and methods Emergency services call-outs for hypoglycemia were recorded between 2005 and 2013 in an area covering 34 000 patients with diabetes. Patient characteristics were documented together with capillary blood glucose (CBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and treatment for hypoglycemia; 12-month mortality and variables influencing survival were analyzed. Results In 1835 episodes among 1156 patients, 45% had type 1 diabetes (68.2% males) and 44% had type 2 diabetes (49.4% males), with a minority unclassified. CBG at presentation (mean±SD) was 1.76±0.72 mmol/L in patients with type 1 diabetes and 1.96±0.68 mmol/L in patients with type 2 diabetes (p<0.0001), with a higher HbA1c in the former group (8.3±1.52% (67.5±16.4 mmol/mol) and 7.8±1.74% (61.6±19.0 mmol/mol), respectively; p<0.0001). A third of patients with type 2 diabetes were not on insulin therapy and displayed lower HbA1c compared with insulin users. Glucagon was used in 37% of patients with type 1 diabetes and 28% of patients with type 2 diabetes (p<0.0001). One-year mortality was 4.45% in type 1 diabetes and 22.1% in type 2 diabetes. Age and type of diabetes were predictive of mortality in multivariable analysis, whereas CBG levels/frequency of hypoglycemia had no effect. Conclusions Severe hypoglycemia in the community is common with a male predominance in type 1 diabetes. Severe hypoglycemia in non-insulin treated patients with type 2 diabetes is associated with lower HbA1c compared with insulin users. Severe hypoglycemia appears to be associated with increased mortality at 12 months, particularly in type 2 diabetes. https://drc.bmj.com/content/3/1/e000094 This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2015-000094
    ae974a485f413a2113503eed53cd6c53
    10.1136/bmjdrc-2015-000094
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