Effective healthcare communication with children and young people: a systematic review of barriers and facilitators
Navein, Alice McTaggart, James Hodgson, Xanthe Shaw, Joanna Hargreaves, Dougal Gonzalez-Viana, Eva Mehmeti, Agnesa
Navein, Alice
McTaggart, James
Hodgson, Xanthe
Shaw, Joanna
Hargreaves, Dougal
Gonzalez-Viana, Eva
Mehmeti, Agnesa
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To identify children and young people's preferences for effective healthcare communication. DESIGN: A systematic review of qualitative studies was conducted to identify evidence from children and young people on effective healthcare communication. Electronic databases and reference lists of relevant articles were searched to July 2020. RESULTS: A total of 13 studies were included. Five major themes were identified: medical information (timing, amount, coordination and futures), person not patient (creating relationships, time, nurse involvement, sensitivity), type of communication (creative and interactive, behavioural, talking and listening, written communication), consultations (first impressions, with and without parents, actively promoting involvement, open and honest, age appropriate) and communication with parents (using parental knowledge, support). CONCLUSIONS: Research in this area remains sparse and consistent implementation is debateable. Children and young people articulate a preference for two-way healthcare communication. General principles for effective communication are identified as well as the need to avoid making assumptions and to tailor approaches to individuals. Establishing and maintaining relationships is essential and requires time and resources. Parents and carers have a positive role in healthcare communication which needs to be balanced with the needs and rights of children. All these factors also apply to children with communication difficulties or from marginalised groups, but additional extra support may be required. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42019145539
https://adc.bmj.com/content/107/12/1111. This is an Open Access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2015-000281